نقد نمایشنامه Becket or The Honour of God by Jean Anouilh

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نوع فایل :  pdf    

زبان : انگلیسی

 تعداد صفحات:  22

کتاب The Washington Manual of Cardiology Subspecialty Consult زبان اصلی

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کتاب The Washington Manual of Cardiology Subspecialty Consult زبان اصلی

حجم فایل: 18 مگابایت

Small, mighty, and packed with information, The Washington Manual: Cardiology Subspecialty Consult, 3e places the field of cardiovascular disease at your fingertips. Designed for the busy practitioner, student, or resident, this pocket-sized edition captures cardiology’s latest findings and treatments in an easy-to-read format. In a fast-advancing field that welcomes new biomedical discoveries and novel therapeutics, this resource delivers top treatment recommendations for your patients. If you’re a busy clinician committed to exceptional, cost-effective patient care, The Washington Manual: Cardiology Subspecialty Consult is the guide for you.
 
FEATURES

• NEW chapters on the physical exam, heart failure, preserved ejection fraction, and cardiovascular diseases in special populations
• Guidelines from the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology
• End-of-chapter journal and online references
• Maximum readability with diagrams, flow charts, bullet-point lists, bold faced call-outs, and mnemonics

Now with the print edition, enjoy the bundled interactive eBook edition, offering tablet, smartphone, or online access to:

• Complete content with enhanced navigation
• A powerful search that pulls results from content in the book, your notes, and even the web
• Cross-linked pages, references, and more for easy navigation
• Highlighting tool for easier reference of key content throughout the text
• Ability to take and share notes with friends and colleagues
• Quick reference tabbing to save your favorite content for future use

Switching costs and the extent of potential competition in Brazilian banking ترجمه مقاله

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Startups and open innovation: a review of the literature استارت آپ و نوآوری باز : مرور ادبیات

اختصاصی از فایل هلپ Startups and open innovation: a review of the literature استارت آپ و نوآوری باز : مرور ادبیات دانلود با لینک مستقیم و پر سرعت .

مقاله انگلیسی  2017 در 28  صفحه فرمت  pdf<!--StartFragment -->

Startups and open innovation: a review of the literature

استارت آپ و نو آوری باز : مرور ادبیات

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Abstract

Purpose – Startup companies represent a powerful engine of open innovation (OI) processes. The purpose of this paper is to represent a first step in building a map of the state-of-the-art knowledge of the “startups in an OI context” phenomenon. Through the selection and analysis of relevant literature, this study aims at deepening our understanding of the theme and at providing directions for future research. Design/methodology/approach – By using an explicit method for the review (Pittaway et al., 2004) the authors selected a set of papers, which cover the knowledge domain object of this study. In total, 41 articles about “startups and OI” have been selected and the full papers have been analysed.

Findings – The analysed literature has been synthesized in seven sub-topics, which have been evaluated as the most relevant in explaining the phenomenon of startups in relation to OI. Implications for research, for managers and for policy makers conclude the paper.

Practical implications – The review produced valuable knowledge for both managers and policy decision-makers. The paper allows a better understanding of the role of startups in OI processes. This improved understanding can help managers of large firms as well as policy makers involved in OI in making their decisions. Besides, implications of OI strategies for startup managers have been singled-out. Originality/value – Startup companies are intrinsically open organizations, necessarily engaged in innovation processes. Research at the intersection between the themes of OI and startups is gaining momentum. This review of the literature represents the first attempt to organize the scientific knowledge related to the intersection between the startups and OI phenomena systematically.

Keywords Literature review, Open innovation, Startup

Paper type Literature review

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European Journal of Innovation Management
Vol. 20 No. 1, 2017
pp. 4-30
© Emerald Publishing Limited 1460-1060
DOI 10.1108/EJIM-12-2015-0131

مقاله درباره The system of education in Europe countries (Germany)

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لینک پرداخت و دانلود در "پایین مطلب"

 فرمت فایل: word (قابل ویرایش و آماده پرینت)

 تعداد صفحات:10

of Education

The German education system provides different paths for students based on individual ability. Children enter the Grundschule at age 6, and students of all levels of ability remain together as a group through the fourth grade of Grundschule (sixth grade in two states). Following Grundschule, when most students are around 10 years old, the German school system tracks students of differing abilities and interests into different school forms. In spite of the far-reaching changes of the past 30 years, including the shift from elite to mass education, Germany?s traditional three-tiered system of education at the secondary level remains intact. In addition, support for this system remains strong among teachers, students, and parents of differing educational and social class backgrounds.

Grundschule teachers recommend their students to a particular school based on criteria such as academic achievement, potential, and personality characteristics, such as ability to work independently and self-confidence. However, in most states parents have the final say as to which school their child will track to following the fourth grade, and some parents go against the teacher's recommendation because they believe the higher level tracks offer their children more opportunities.In most states, students enter one of several school forms at the lower secondary level (which comprise of a pyramid of academic achievement).

• The Hauptschule (grades 5-9 in most states) leads to receipt of the Hauptschule certificate and then to part-time enrollment in a vocational school combined with apprenticeship training until the age of 18.
• The Realschule (grades 5-10 in most states) leads to receipt of the Realschule certificate and then to part-time vocational schools, higher vocational schools or continuation of study at a Gymnasium.
• The Gymnasium (grades 5-13 in most states) leads to the Abitur and prepares students for university study or for a dual academic and vocational credential.

Although it is possible for students to switch to a higher-level school form with improved performance, it is not a frequent occurrence. It is more common that a student will move to a less rigorous school if they cannot meet their school's performance standards.

Hauptschule

The lowest-achieving students attend the Hauptschule, where they receive slower paced and more basic instruction in the same primary academic subjects taught at the Realschule and Gymnasium. Additional subjects at the Hauptschule have a vocational orientation. In most states, students enroll in the Hauptschule beginning in the fifth grade and continue their education at the Hauptschule through the ninth grade. However, some states require school attendance through the 10th grade, and in one of the southern states all students who do not enroll in the Gymnasium for the 5th grade are sent to the Hauptschule for a minimum of 2 years. Enrollment figures reported 25 percent of 14-year-olds attended Hauptschulen in the 1992?93 school year (Statistisches Bundesamt 1993).