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A Nanometer
¢There are 1 billion (1,000,000,000) nanometers in 1 meter
¢There are 1 million (1,000,000) micrometers (or microns) in 1 meter
¢A line of ten hydrogen atoms lined up side by side is 1 nanometer long
¢Your finger nail grows 1 nanometer in 1 second
¢The diameter of your hair is approximately 50,000 nanometers
¢The abbreviation for nanometer is “nm”
Nanostructures/Nanomaterials
¢Nanostructures are materials that, in at least one dimension, measure approximately 1 – 100 nm
¢Nanostructures or nanomaterials exhibit properties different from their macroscale counterparts (their “big brothers”) such as:
Mechanical strength (how hard they are to break)
Electrical conductivity (how fast electrons flow through them)
Thermal conductivity (how fast heat flows through them)
Chemical reactivity (how well/fast they react with other chemicals)
Transparency (how well you can see through them)
Magnetism (whether or not they are magnetic)
… and many more…
Microstructures, the cousin to nanostructures, typically measure between 100 nanometers and 100 micrometers in at least one dimension, but likely do not exhibit unique properties like nanostructures do
Types Of Nanostructures/Nanomaterials
¢Nanoparticles or nanospheres: nanoscale lengths are measured in all three dimensions
¢Nanotubes or nanowires or nanorods: nanoscale lengths are measured in two dimensions only
¢Nanoscale thin films or ultra-thin films: nanoscale lengths are measured in one dimension only
¢Nanocomposites: a material comprised of many nanoscale inclusions (such as nanoparticles)
¢Nanostructured materials: a material that exhibits a unique structure that can be measured at the nanoscal
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